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What is Sand Casting?

Sand casting is a process in which heated metal is poured into a cast made from sand. It is the most extensively used casting process and a common production method for metal components. It creates exceptionally complex castings and these types of complex castings can be used to cast approximately several metal alloy.

Types of Sand Which are Used by Sand Casting Foundries

Following 3 types of sands are used for the sand casting by casting foundries

1) Green Sand

2) Water Glass (Sodium Silicate)

3) Resin Sand

1) Green Sand

Green sand is the mixture of natural silica sand, additives, clay and water. The sand cast is in an uncured position as the metal is being poured. The compressive strength of green sand is generally 0.05 to 0.1 Mpa. In which, the air permeability is more than 80 and the water content is nearly 3.5 to 5%. Generally, green sand is used in machine molding. Green sand is economical because it can be reused in the sand casting process.

2) Water Sand

Water Sand is also known as Sodium silicate sand. It is an aqueous solution of sodium silicate and it added accounts for 6% to 8% of the sand quality. The solidification techniques are: chemical solidification with CO2 gas and wiping the heating cover. Water Sand can promptly go from a fluid to a solid by passing carbon dioxide through it. Sodium silicate sand is not suitable for iron casting but essentially used in steel casting product.

This construction industry acts as a major market driver as their pieces of equipment need to incur low costs for maintenance as well as be sturdy, strong, long-lasting and withstand varying pressures and different climatic conditions which are provided by the high strength valve casting manufacturers.

3) Resin Sand

Resin sand is a type of sand with artificial resin as the machine. Resin sand fits a solid mold with a soft surface after mixing and heated. A solid form means less faulty castings, but the problem is a higher cost and slower production rate. The resin added is approximately 3% to 6% of the sand quality. Resin sand is an encouraging different type of modeling material. Nowadays it is mainly used in the manufacture of complex sand hearts.

Advantages of Sand Casting

- Inexpensive

In the sand casting, material and tooling expenses are low compared to some other metal manufacturing processes. That's why it is one of the cheapest methods.

- Comprehensive material opportunity

Essentially all types of engineering alloys can be molded at the sand casting process as long as it can be blended.

- Design flexibility

The size and weight of the cast are only defined by the constraint required by molten metal handling and supply. The size and weight of components can change from a few millimeters to meters and high weights.

- Easily Recycled & Short Lead Time

As compared to others, it takes short lead time and easily recycled. Because of these reasons, it ideal is for short production periods.

Sand Casting Properties

- Ability

The ability of the sand cast to maintain its geometric shape under the requirements of mechanical strain.

- Steam Content

Steam content hits a mold's energy. A cast with too much moisture can cause steam foams to be captured in the casting.

- Grain size & shape

This feature estimates the size and shape of the individual grains and it is based on how round they are.

- Reusability

The technique of sand casting to be reused to create other sand castings in consequent manufacturing methods.